演讲人：
Daniel Houser，Professor of Economics, George Mason University
时间:
2008年6月 6日（周五）15:30-17:00
地点:
上海交通大学法华校区 北楼107
演讲内容梗概：
Sanctions are used ubiquitously to enforce obedience to social norms. Recent field studies and laboratory experiments have demonstrated, however, that cooperation is sometimes reduced when incentives that promote pro-social decisions are added to the environment. Although a variety of explanations have been suggested, the neural foundations of this effect have not been explored. Using a modified trust game, we find trustees reciprocate relatively less when facing sanction threats, and the presence of sanctions significantly reduces trustee’s brain activities involved in social reward valuation (VMPFC, LOFC, and amygdale), while simultaneously significantly increasing activities in parietal cortex previously implicated in rational decision making. Moreover, we find that neural activity in trustee’s VMPFC predicts her future level of cooperation under both sanction and no-sanction conditions and this predictive activity can be dynamically modulated by the presence of sanction. These results provide a rigorous explanation for the detrimental effects of sanctions on human altruism.
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